Author: Murray L Eiland Jr
Murray Eiland III/
Publisher: Oriental
Year: 1998
Language: English
Pages: 368
ISBN/UPC (if available): 0821225480
Description
Murray Eiland’s Oriental rugs has long been the standard introduction to oriental rugs, descried by Architectural Digest as the most useful, well-researched, and up-to-date book one the subject. The authors have extended the range of the book by incorporating new material on Chinese and Indian rugs, and the text has been completely revised. The plates of all the illustrations have been remade, and many of the rugs shown are new to this edition.
The great value of this book lies in the fact that the authors have traveled extensively in the East and have a firsthand knowledge of the region. Political changes since 1981 have allowed them to visit places that were previously inaccessible. Their recent journeys to Iran, the Caucasus, the central Asian republics, and eastern Turkestan have done much to illuminate the history and practice of rug making in these key areas. The authors have also been able to benefit from the enormous expansion in carpet scholarship and form the rigorous research undertaken by other specialists.
The book’s focus is the nineteenth and twentieth-century weaving of the Middle and Far East. This is introduced by a brief history of carpets, followed by a discussion of weaving techniques, dyes, and design. Traditional practices are described, along with modern innovations, such as computer-aided design. The use of synthetic dyes and the recent revival of natural dyes are given a balanced appraisal. The importance and methodology of technical analysis is firmly emphasized. The endmatter includes extensive notes, a bibliograpjy, and an index.
The book includes more than 330 color illustration, the majority of them new to this edition. They show classic pieces along with others that are more likely to be available to readers. Where possible, the captions include a structural analysis. There are also fifteen full-color maps showing the rug-weaving areas, and many technical diagrams.
These revisions have made the Eilands classic work more essential than ever. It is yet again the most comprehensive and accessible guide to the Subject.
REVIEW
Of the dozens, if not hundreds, of books purporting to offer a comprehensive overview of those rugs commonly available on today’s market, Eiland’s Oriental Rugs is far and away the best available.
-Walter B Denny, Honorary Curator of Oriental Rugs, Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University
Contents
INTRODUCTION
TERMINOLOGY AND SPELLING
TECHNICAL TERMS
CHAPTER 1
ORIGINS AND EARLY HISTORY
Anatolia
Safavid Persia
Moghul India
The Causasus
Eightennth-century production
A note on dating
CHAPTER 2
CONSTRUCTION
The Design
The loom
Various instruments
The Materials-Wool, Cotton, Silk, Bast Fibers
Spinning
Knotting techniques
Flatweaves-Tapestry, Soumak, Brocading and weft substitution, Jajim, Zilu, Treadle loom fabrics
Embroidery
Felt
Technical examination
CHAPTER 3
DYES
Natural dyes-Insect reds
Synthetic dyes-Early Chemical dyes, Chrome dyes
Chemical treatment
The resurrection of natural dyes
The identification of dyes and their use in dating
Color standards, and the description of color
Abrash, or color variation
CHAPTER 4
DESIGN
TypesBorders
Origin and evolutin
The concept of authenticity
Symbolism
Shapes and functions
Pictorial rugs
Tribal rugs
CHAPTER 5
PERSIA
The land and people
The study of the Persian carpet
The revival of the carpet industry
Azerbaijan and the northwest-Tabriz, Heriz, Karadja, Serab, Meshkin and Ardabil, Other weaves
Kurdish rugs-Senneh rugs, Senneth kilims, Bijar, Village rugs, Zenjan, Sauj Bulagh, and others in the northwest
Hamadan-Village rugs, Hamadan city, Malayer and the Josan Sarouk, Arak, Sarouk, modern Sarouks, Mahal, Lillihan, Saraband
Kashan-Qum, Veramin and tribal rugs
Isfahan-Najafabad, Nain, Joshaqan, Bakhtiari
Khurasan
Mashad, the Qainat, The Quchan Kurds, Gabbehs
Baluchi-Iran, Afghanistan, Symmetrically knotted Baluchi-type rugs
Chahar Aimaq
Kerman-Traditional Kermans, Modern Kermans, Ravar and Mahan, Yazd, Afshari
Fars-The current status of the nomad, Qashqa’I, Khamesh Federation, Village production, Gabbehs, Lori, Abadeh, Yalameh
CHAPTER 6
TURKEY
The land and people
Characteristics of the Turkish carpet
Western Anatolia-Canakkale and Ezine, Bergama, Yuntdag, Ak-Hisar, Kozak, Usak, Balikesir, Gordes, Kula, Milas, Makri, Demirci, Izmir, Isparta and Burdur, Hereke, Istanbul, Bandirma
Central Anatolia-Mucur and Kirsehir, Ladik, Konya, Afyon and Mihaliccek, Karapinar and Taspinar, Antalya, Kayseri, Sivas, Nigde
Eastern Anatolia-Kagizman, the southeast, Armenian rugs
The nomads of Anatolia
Kilims
Production since World War
CHAPTER 7
CENTRAL ASIA
Origins of the Turkmen
Turkmen tribes
Turkmen rug studies
History and origins of carpet weaving
Features of Turkmen rugs-Types, Construction, The Gul, Color, Borders
Turkmen weavings-Salor, Saryk, Tekke, Yomut, Imreli, Chaudor, Arabatchi, The Ersari graup
Turkmen costume and fabrics
Current production of Turkmen rugs-Afghanistan, Iran
Non-Turkmen rugs from Turkestan-Uzbeki, Karakalpak, Kirghiz, Kazakh, Lorghabi, Arab
Ikats
CHAPTER 8
THE CAUCASUS
Geography
Ethnic groups
Characteristics of the Caucasus-Kazak, Karabagh, Ganja, Talish, Moghan, Shirvan, Baki, Zakatala
The Northern Causacus-Kuba, Tabasaran, Derbent, Avar
Flatweaves and embroideries
Recent production
Further research
CHAPTER 9
INDIA AND PAKISTAN
Nineteenth-century weaving centers
Modern production-India, Pakistan
The further of the Indian and Pakistani carept
CHAPTER 10
CHINA
The historical evidence
Early carpets-Group I, Group II, Group III and IV, Rugs from the Imperial Palace
The use of rugs
Design and symbolism
Structure, materials, and dyes
Traditoanl weaving centres
The export trade-Beijing, Tianjin (Tientsin), Other production centers, Recent production
Mongolia
CHAPTER 11
EASTERN TURKESTAN
Khotan
Yarkan
Kashgar
Urumchi
Recent archaeological evidence
Interpretaion
CHAPTER 12
TIBET
The structure and origin of weaving
Localization and the identity of weavers
Designs, colors, and materials
Recent production
CHAPTER 13
NORTH AFRICA
Morocco-Structural features and dyes, Early urban production, Berber, Modern production
Tunisia
Algeria
CHAPTER 14
THE BALKANS
Bulgaria
Yugoslavia
Rumania-Oltenia, Moldavia and Besarabia, Maramures, Dobruja
Recent Production
NOTES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
PICTURE CREDITS