Genes, Trade, and Regulation - The Seeds of Conflict in Food Biotechnology

Genes, Trade, and Regulation - The Seeds of Conflict in Food Biotechnology

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Author: Thomas Bernauer
Publisher: Universities Press
Year: 2005
Language: English
Pages: 229
ISBN/UPC (if available): 8173715114

Description

Agricultural (or green) biotechnology is a source of growing tensions in the global trading system. Genetically modified food thus faces an uncertain future. The technology behind it might revolutionize food production around the world. Or it might follow the example of nuclear energy, which declined from a symbol of socio-economic progress to become one of the most unpopular and uneconomical innovations in history.

This book provides novel and thought-provoking insights into the fundamental policy issues involved in agricultural biotechnology. Thomas Bernauer explains global regulatory polarization and trade conflict in this area. He then evaluates cooperative and unilateral policy tools for coping with trade tensions. Arguing that the tools used thus far have been and will continue to be ineffective, he concludes that the risk of a full-blown trade conflict is high and may lead to reduced investment and the stagnation or even the decline of the technology. Bernauer concludes with suggestions for policy reforms to halt this trajectory-recommendations that strike a sensible balance between public-safety concerns and private economic freedom-so that food biotechnology is given a fair chance to prove its environmental, health, humanitarian, and economic benefits.

This book will equip companies, farmers, regulators, NGOs, academics, students, and the interested public-including both advocates and critics of green biotechnology-with a deeper understanding of the political, economic and societal factors shaping the future of one of the most revolutionary technologies of our times.

REVIEWS

Despite working from the same body of scientific assessments, governments in Europe and North America have arrived at polar opposite conclusions about the safety of genetically engineered foods-national differences that have magnified into a global food fight. Where other studies of this problem wear blinders as they attempt to brand novel foods good or bad, this refreshingly clinical analysis instead trains the analytical tools of political science on the root causes of regulatory polarization. Not only does Bernauer reveal why Europe and America have arrived on opposite sides of the controversy-and why the gap is likely to yawn further-he also offers a market-based strategy for accommodating regulatory diversity in this era of globalization.
-David G Victor, Stanford University, author of the Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol

Policymakers, scholars, and every citizen concerned about the future of the environment, hunger, human health, and the world food supply should read this book.
-Ronald Mitchell, University of Oregon

This book provides a clear and well-developed argument that the successful development of the agricultural biotechnology sector depends on numerous decisions that have yet to be taken and would require the alignment of research and innovation strategies far more closely to consumer and regulatory requirements than has hitherto been the case.
-Erik Millstone, Science Policy Research Unit, Sussex University

Contents

PREFACE

CHAPTER ONE
Introduction and Summary

CHAPTER TWO
Challenges

CHAPTER THREE
Polarization

CHAPTER FOUR
Interest Group Politics

CHAPTER FIVE
Regulatory Federalism

CHAPTER SIX
International Trade Conflict

CHAPTER SEVEN
Coping with Diversity

Notes

References

Index